What is the main difference between Ground and Neutral?
Answer:
The difference between Ground and Neutral? NEUTRAL is the origin of all
current flow. In a poly-phase system, as its phase relationship with
all the three phases is the same, (i.e.) as it is not biased towards any
one phase, thus remaining neutral, that’s why it is called neutral.
Whereas, GROUND is the EARTH on which we stand. It was perceived to
utilize this vast, omnipresent conductor of electricity, in case of
fault, so that the fault current returns to the source neutral through
this conductor given by nature which is available free of cost. If earth
is not used for this purpose, then one has to lay a long. long metallic
conductor for the purpose, thus increasing the cost. Ground should
never be used as neutral. The protection devices (eg ELCB, RCD etc) work
basically on principle that the phase currents are balanced with
neutral current. In case you use ground wire as the neutral, these are
bound to trip if they are there – and they must be there. at least at
substations. And these are kept very sensitive i.e. even minute currents
are supposed to trip these. One aspect is safety – when someone touches
a neutral, you don’t want him to be electrocuted – do you? Usually if
you see the switches at home are on the phase and not neutral (except at
the MCB stage). Any one assumes the once the switch is off, it is safe
(the safety is taken care of in 3 wire system, but again most of the
fixtures are on 2 wire) – he will be shocked at the accidental touching
of wire in case the floating neutral is floating too much.
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